مشروع الملف الثاني للانجليزية

in the past men
suffered from wars and problems because every country (European
countries) wanted to be the leader of the world and to steal countries
good’s .to solve this people started thinking about the ways that can
maintain peace in the world and some of them did a great job for this
they deserve wining the Nobel peace prize



The Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to 96 individuals and 20 organizations since 1901.




Nobel peace prize winners over the past ten years


The prize goes to: 2008

Martti Ahtisaari(carelie) for his important efforts, on several
continents and over more than three decades, to resolve international
conflicts.



The prize goes to:2007

Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC) and Albert Arnold ( AL) GORE JR.(america)
for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about
man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures
that are needed to counteract such change.



2006
:The prize goes to

Muhammad Yunus(bengladesh) andGrameen Bank for their efforts to create economic and social development from below.



The prize was awarded jointly to:2005

International Atomic Energy Agency andMohamed Elbaradei(egypt)
for their efforts to prevent nuclear energy from being used for
military purposes and to ensure that nuclear energy for peaceful
purposes is used in the safest possible way.



The prize was awarded to:2004

Wangari Maathai (Kenya)
for her contribution to sustainable development, democracy and peace



: 2003 The prize was awarded to

Shirin Ebadi (iran)
for her efforts for democracy and human rights



2002
The prize was awarded to:

Jimmy Carter JR(america)., former President of the United States of America,
for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to
international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to
promote economic and social development



2001
The prize was awarded to:

United Nations, New York, NY, USA
Kofi Annan,(ghanna) United Nations Secretary General


2000
The prize was awarded to:

Kim Dae Jung(korea)for his work for democracy and human rights in South
Korea and in East Asia in general, and for peace and reconciliation
with North Korea in particular.



1999
The prize was awarded to:

Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontiers), Brussels, Belgium.



1998
The prize was awarded jointly to:

John Hume and David Trimble for their efforts to find a peaceful solution to the conflict in Northern Ireland.




The Nobel Peace Prize may also be awarded to institutions and associations









Martti ahtissari biography



A diplomat for more than 30 years and president of Finland from 1994 to 2000
Martti Oiva Kalevi Ahtisaari was born on June 23, 1937, in the city of
Viipuri. He graduated from the University of Oulu in 1959 and joined
the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland in 1965. President
Ahtisaari held various posts in the Ministry’s Bureau for Technical
Co-operation from 1965 to 1972 and held the position of deputy
director,. President Ahtisaari assumed the position of secretary of
state in the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland in 1991
During his tenure as president, he led Finland’s entry into the
European Union and took an active role in Finland’s foreign and
security policy.


Muhammad Yunus biography

"Banker to the Poor"
Professor Muhammad Yunus was born in 28th June, 1940 in the village of Bathua
he established the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh in 1983, fueled by the
belief that credit is a fundamental human right. His objective was to
help poor people escape from poverty by providing loans on terms
suitable to them and by teaching them a few sound financial principles
so they could help themselves.


Dr .elbaradei biography


Dr. ElBaradei was born in Cairo, Egypt, in 1942, son of the late
Mostafa ElBaradei, a lawyer and former President of the Egyptian Bar
Association. He gained a Bachelor's degree in Law in 1962 at the
University of Cairo, and a Doctorate in International Law at the New
York University School of Law in 1974.
He began his career in the Egyptian Diplomatic Service in 1964
From 1981 to 1987 he was a Professor of International Law at the New York University School of Law.
In October 2005, Dr. ElBaradei and the IAEA were jointly awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize for efforts "to prevent nuclear energy from being
used for military purposes and to ensure that nuclear energy for
peaceful purposes is used in the safest possible way." In addition, he
has received multiple other awards for his work



the potential candidates for the Nobel peace prize from Algeria and abroad



Abdelaziz Bouteflika biography



(1937- )President of Algeria since 1999, Foreign Minister 1963-79, and Minister of Youth, Sport and Tourism 1962-63.
Bouteflika was an piece of the image of the optimistic and dynamic Algeria that rose after the Algerian War.
We hope that he will get the nobel peace prize for his outstanding role
as a peace-maker since he was elected to the Presidency of the Republic
in 1999.

He thus saved the country from destruction and spared not only Algeria,
but Africa and Mediterranean Basin countries from the scourge of
terrorism.




UN peacekeeping


United Nations peacekeeping is a unique and dynamic instrument
developed by the Organization as a way to help countries torn by
conflict create the conditions for lasting peace. The first UN
peacekeeping mission was established in 1948, when the Security Council
authorized the deployment of UN military observers to the Middle East
to monitor the Armistice Agreement between Israel and its Arab
neighbours. Since then, there have been a total of 63 UN peacekeeping
operations around the world.
UN peacekeeping continues to evolve, both conceptually and
operationally, to meet new challenges and political realities. Faced
with the rising demand for increasingly complex peace operations, the
United Nations in the past few years has been overstretched and
challenged as never before. The Organization has worked vigorously to
strengthen its capacity to manage and sustain field operations and,
thus, contribute to the most important function of the United Nations –
maintaining international peace and security.








Alfred Nobel –


The Man Behind the Nobel Prize
Since 1901, the Nobel Prize has been honoring men and women from all
corners of the globe for outstanding achievements in physics,
chemistry, medicine, literature, and for work in peace. The foundations
for the prize were laid in 1895 when Alfred Nobel wrote his last will,
leaving much of his wealth to the establishment of the Nobel Prize.
























































‏‏The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to award the Nobel Peace
Prize for 2008 to Martti Ahtisaari for his important efforts, on
several continents and over more than three decades, to resolve
international conflicts. These efforts have contributed to a more
peaceful world and to “fraternity between nations” in Alfred Nobel’s
spirit.